1 Introduction to Python
- History and Versions of Python
- Python Applications
- Installing Python and Setting Up the Environment
- Running Python Scripts
- First Python Program: Hello, World!
- Understanding Python IDEs: PyCharm, VSCode, Jupyter Notebook
2. Python Basics
- Variables and Data Types
- (int, float, string, bool, None, List, tuple, set, dictionary etc.)
- Comments
- Input and Output (input(), print())
- Type Casting and Conversion
- Python Syntax and Indentation
3. Control Structures
- Conditional Statements (if, else, elif)
- Loops:
- for Loops
- while Loops
- Loop Control Statements: break, continue, pass
- Nested Loops and Conditional Statements
4. Functions
- Defining and Calling Functions
- Function Arguments and Return Values
- Default and Keyword Arguments
- Lambda Functions
- Scope of Variables (Local, Global)
- Recursion
5. File Handling
- Opening Files in Different Modes (r, w, a, r+)
- Reading and Writing Files (read(), readline(), write())
6. Exception Handling
- Types of Exceptions in Python
- try, except, finally Blocks
- Raising Exceptions (raise)
- Custom Exception Classes
7. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Python
- Introduction to Classes and Objects
- Attributes and Methods
- The self Parameter
- Constructor Method: __init__()
- Class vs Instance Variables
- Inheritance:
- Single and Multiple Inheritance
- Overriding Methods
- Polymorphism
- Encapsulation and Abstraction
- Static and Class Methods
9. Modules and Packages
- Importing Modules
- Standard Library Modules (os, sys, math, random, etc.)
- Writing and Using Custom Modules
- Introduction to Popular Python Packages (NumPy)
Python Notes (Demo)
Q.1 Explain Python Features
Python provides lots of features that are listed below.
1) Easy to Learn and Use
Python is easy to learn and use. It is developer-friendly and high level programming language.
2) Expressive Language
Python language is more expressive means that it is more understandable and readable.
3) Interpreted Language
Python is an interpreted language i.e. interpreter executes the code line by line at a time. This
makes debugging easy and thus suitable for beginners.
4) Cross-platform Language
Python can run equally on different platforms such as Windows, Linux, Unix and Macintosh etc. So, we can say that Python is a portable language.
5) Free and Open Source
Python language is freely available at offical web address.The source-code is also available. Therefore it is open source.
6) Object-Oriented Language
Python supports object oriented language and concepts of classes and objects come into existence.
7) Extensible
It implies that other languages such as C/C++ can be used to compile the code and thus it can be used further in our python code.
8) Large Standard Library
Python has a large and broad library and provides rich set of module and functions for rapid application development.
9) GUI Programming Support
Graphical user interfaces can be developed using Python.
10) Integrated
It can be easily integrated with languages like C, C++, JAVA etc.
Q.2 How to Run python file in command line?
Cd path of python
Python filename.py
Q.3 What is Bytecode
Compiler convert program in to byte code. Byte code instruction contained in the file a.pyc. It is necessary to convert byte code into machine code for this purpose we use PVM (python virtual machine)
We cannot see the .pyc file produced by the python compiler and the machine code generated by PVM. This is done internally in the memory.
To view the byte code we write following code in to the command line.
python -m dis first.py
Q.3 Explain different flavors of python.
1) Cpython: The base of all these implementation is Cpython or more formally known as python (Yeah its True your Python is actually Cpython). Cpython is de-facto reference Python implementation.
It is written in C and is a bytecode interpreter. Your bytecode is executed on CPython Virtual Machine. That is why I used to say foolishly that Python is interpreted language which indirectly is True about Cpython not for all python variants.
2) Jython: Jython,earlier known as Jpython (or known to be successor of Jpython) is an implementation of the Python programming language which is designed to run on the Java Platform. It has compiler which compiles your python code into Java bytecode. Stable releases of compatible python(latest) is still not available.
3) IronPython: IronPython is another implementation of the Python targeting the .NET Framework. It is entirely written in C# and runs on .NET virtual machine(That is nothing but CLR). Again you can import C# classes into ironPython.
4) Pypy: Pypy is actually bit different than other implementations its primary focus is to overcome drawbacks(so called) of python. It is a Python interpreter and just-in-time compiler. It is written in Python itself. Actually PyPy is written in a language called RPython, which is suitable for writing dynamic language interpreters (and not much else). RPython is a subset of Python and is itself written in Python. According to claims made by pypy its around 6 times faster than Python.
5) Stackless Python: If you ever tried threading in python then you will understand what and why Stackless Python. Stackless Python is a reimplementation of traditional python and its key point is lightweight threading. You can say its branch of CPython supporting microthreads.
6) ActiveState ActivePython: ActivePython is a CPython distribution by company named ActiveState. It is commercial implementation and is proprietary.
7) Pythonxy: Firstly its pronounced as Python x-y and mostly written as Python(X,Y). It is nothing but a scientific Python distribution. Python added with scientific and engineering related packages is your python(x,y).
8) Portable Python: How about having python language pre-configured,any time, any where, run directly from any USB storage device. It is what Portable python is. Its for Windows OS. You just need to extract it to your portable storage device.
9) Anaconda Python: In short words you can say it is distribution for large-scale data processing, predictive analytics, and scientific computing. This implementation basically focuses large scale of data.
Q.4 Explain PVM.…………………………………..
For more Detail
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